Direct Contact with Sick Birds: Bird flu spreads when healthy birds touch sick birds or their droppings, saliva, or nasal fluids.
Dirty Surfaces: The virus can live on surfaces like cages, tools, and clothing. Touching these can spread the flu to healthy birds.
Shared Water: Sick birds can contaminate water. When other birds drink this water, they can get sick too.
Airborne Dust: The flu can spread through dust and feathers in the air from infected birds. Breathing this in can infect birds and people.
Wild Birds: Wild birds can carry the virus and spread it to domestic birds over long distances.
Bird Markets: Live bird markets can spread the flu because many birds from different places are kept close together.
Human Spread: Farmers and workers can carry the virus on their hands, shoes, and clothes and spread it to other birds.
Improper Waste Disposal: Not disposing of dead birds and waste properly can spread the virus to other birds and areas.
Shared Equipment: Using the same tools for different groups of birds without cleaning them can spread the flu.
Feathers and Droppings: Birds can get the flu from touching contaminated feathers and droppings.